The Olympics A History of the Modern Games Free Essay Example, 1250 words

The greatest athlete in the ancient games was a wrestler called Milo of Croton who won the boxing competition six times and was said to be the most powerful man then. Many artists were also inspired by the Olympics. A poet Pindar was honored at the games after he wrote many odes praising the winners of the game. The games continued until an emperor Theodosius in 393AD decreed that they are banned calling the games pagan cults .The games were introduced back after 1500 years by Baron Pierre de Coubertin of France, who promoted physical education and was inspired by the idea of introducing modern Olympic Games after he visited the ancient site of Olympia. He proposed the idea in 1892 and got the approval needed and founded the International Olympic Committee, which governed the modern Olympic Games. Athens is where the first modern Olympic Games were held in the year 1896. The event was attended by a crowd of 60,000 spectators, King Georgios I welcomed 280 participants from 13 natio ns in the opening ceremony to compete in 43 events. The events included tennis, swimming, gymnastics, wrestling, weightlifting, fencing, cycling and race track. We will write a custom essay sample on The Olympics: A History of the Modern Games or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The games were dominated by a 14-man team from the United States taking first place in most of the games. The games were then held in1900 and 1904 by 1908 the number of competitors was four times the number in Athens In 1920 the Olympic flag flew for the first time consisting of the modern Olympics symbol of five interlocking rings representing five continents. This is the same year when the Olympic oath was also introduced. The idea of the Olympic flame came later in 1928 in Amsterdam, but torch relays did not exist until at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin. At the beginning of 1924, the Winter Olympics were included so as to be held in a separate site with cold weather sports while still in the same year they also held the summer games. The winter games included events such as ice hockey, figure skating, biathlon, and bobsledding.

U.S. Involvement globally - 1428 Words

Austin Jackson U.S. Involvement globally At the time of the Spanish American War the United States went from relative isolation to increased global involvement because of economic expansion, and rebellion in the western hemisphere. The consequences of this increased global involvement on American society was that America exited the Spanish-American war as an Imperialist country and America began to abuse its position as an emerging world power. American policy makers were forced to consider a greater global involvement because the domestic marketplace was flourishing and America wanted to share their trade politics with the world. As America’s population grew at an exponential rate during the end of the nineteenth century, the†¦show more content†¦went in the war with no plans beyond sinking the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay and it took them months after Manila to send troops to Spain but with the Spanish putting up hardly any opposition, the United States was easily able to defeat them. This led to both nations signing the Treaty of Paris and the U.S. acquired Cuba and around the same time acquired the territories of Hawaii, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, and Guam.6 This allowed the government to advance its interest in economic prosperity and spread the idea of the American Dream in these lands.7 Businesses in America mostly opposed the war with Spain at the beginning because they believed that war through f ree trade into confusion. In the end though, this war spread free enterprise in these countries and helped businesses to expand throughout the world. The consequence that stemmed from Americas military and economic involvement in foreign affairs was that America was beginning to resemble an imperialist country. America fought a bloody forty-one-month war to secure possession of the entire archipelago. During this Philippine Insurrection, the United States created an occupation army that waged total war on local resistance. Forty-two hundred Americans died in battle for possession of this colony. As many as twenty thousand Filipino insurgents also died. As never before, the United States had established direct control over a foreign society—seven thousand miles from NorthShow MoreRelatedHow Student Loans Have Affected The Cost Of Tuition964 Words   |  4 Pagesanswered by The Wall Street Journal by asserting that â€Å"When the U.S. government offers loans [it] easily provides an incentive for students to take on huge debts in the pursuit of gaining higher education and more importantly it creates a strong incentive for s chool boards to raise tuition and other fees.† The article later on goes to compare the current situation with the US real estate bubble, where the US government had too much involvement in real estate loans, which utterly ended in sheer disasterRead MoreThe Conflicct between North Korea and South Korea640 Words   |  3 Pagescapital city of Seoul. 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Camaro Essay Example For Students

Camaro Essay Joshua Lee WilliamsonMrs. RenteEnglish 11January 24, 2002The name Camaro came from a French word for friend. The decision on the name came down to the last minute, with most of the world sure the car would be named, The Panther. Although the strange name had to be explained to the public, Camaro fit in with other Chevy names- Corvette, Chevelle, Chevy 2, and Corvair. The main reason the Camaro was introduced was because of the huge success of the Ford Mustang. The Camaro was roughly the same size as the Mustang, a little wider and based more on performance. The Camaro is one of the last remaining muscle cars still in production today. It is only fitting that buyers still expect maximum performance from their Camaros. It is that expectation that has kept the Camaro alive for all these years, while many other cars have faded away, lost in memory. The Mustang GT only only offered the 289- cubic inch or an 390- cubic inch V8 in 1967. The Camaro rolled out with 302, 327, 350, and 396 cubic inch V8s (Camaro 14) The Camaros style was much smoother as well. The introduction of the Camaro threw pony car development into a frenzy. Before the Camaro, the Mustang and Barracuda were not quite considered full muscle cars. Most serious performance enthusiasts still opted for intermediate sized GTOs or the Chevelle Super Sports (SS). The Camaro changed the image of those sport coupes. (Camaros, Eric Ethan)The Z28 and the stout SS-396 were more than just a stylish ride. Under the hood Camaros were well respected. Such respect helped establish the Camaro as the premier high-performance pony car. Camaro sales increased each year form 1967-1969. To this day, these Camaros are the favorite among enthusiasts. The Camaro brings a bad-boy image to the street and the track. The car has always been based on racing even when the Camaro was not officially involved. Its at home drag racing, and racing away from convenience stores after hold-ups. Because of this, media has given the Camaro a bad boy reputation.(American Muscle Cars, 47)1969 saw several noteworthy changes to the Camaro. The grill became deeper set, the taillamps were longer and thinner and broken into three segments. A heavy eye-brow crease was added on the both sides of the car extending from the front wheel well to the rear wheel well. A matching crease went from the rear wheel well to the rear quarter panel. Endura rubber bumpers were available on the Camaro as well as a two ram air induction systems for the SS. The first was a new special hood with a rear facing inlet and cold-air duct underneath the hood. The second was a dealer installed cowl plenum kit that came with a special air cleaner and adapter. No special hood was needed. The RS package was still popular, and included a special grill with concealed headlights and washers, and RS badging. The SS standard 350 received a slight power boost to 300bhp but the big news was the availability of special 427 cid equipped Camaros. The first were special dealer-installed units, most notably the Yenko Camaro 427. Yenko Sports Cars, based in Pennsylvania, along with other Chevy dealers such as Nickey in Chicago, Dana in California, and Baldwin-Motion in New York, would install the L72 427 cid block, rated at 425bhp by Chevrolet, ordered under the Central Office Production Order System (COPO) code 9562 into a buyers Camaro. The Yenko Camaro 427 is typical of the breed; it came from the factory with no ornamentation, badging, and the 427 in a crate. Yenko installed the 427 block, changed the rating to a more realistic 450bhp, and added 15-inch rally wheels, bigger front roll bar, and sYc (Yenko Sports Car) badging. A full complement of racing add ons were available and sub 13 second quarter miles were possible with a few more dollars. Overshadowing these dealer souped up Camaros was the factory Camaro ZL1. Specially designed to compete in the NHRA Super Stock drag classes, Chevrolet made it an option under the COPO system. The cars began as SS-396 cubic inch/375bhp Camaros with the F41 suspension. The SS trim and engine were deleted, and the 427 engine, cowl-induction hood, front disc brakes, a choice of heavy duty 4 speed transmissions were added. The ZL1 sported aluminum heads and the first aluminum block ever made by Chevrolet. It shared the L88 aluminum head/iron blocks engine rating of 430bhp but made closer to 500bhp making it probably the most powerful engine Chevrolet ever offered to the public. And it weighed just 500 pounds, the same as Chevys 327 small block. The car was blessed with a 5 year/50,000 mile warranty an d was fully street legal. With factory exhausts and tires, it turned low 13s; with headers and slicks, it could turn 11.6s @ 122mph. This was the fastest car ever produced by Chevrolet. Performance had its price $4,160 for the ZL1 engine alone pushing the price of the Camaro ZL1 to an unbelieveable $7,200 (about double the price for a SS396 Camaro). Chevy needed to build 50 to qualify the car for racing; it actually built 69, 59 Camaros and 2 Corvettes. The high price made them difficult to sell and at least 12 engines were removed and about 30 cars were returned back to Chevrolet. It took until the early 1970s to sell them all. (GM auto technical data 134-167)Production of the 1969 Camaros continued into the beginning of 1970 as the all new 1970 Camaros were not released until mid 1970. Despite predictions of the collapse of the pony car market, the new Camaro was released with much fanfare and much success. Most of the credit went to the new styling, which was European-inspired a nd would prove so popular that it would last until 1982. The new Camaro was two inches longer and had five inch longer doors. It had better noise insultation. Under the hood, the Camaro SS continued with the 350 and 396 engines. After January 1970, however, the 396 engines no longer displaced 396 cubic inches. Chevrolet actually enlarged them to 402 cubic inches but the executives decided to name it the 396 to take advantage of the name recognition and avoid any attention from insurance carriers. The Z28 saw the most radical change an all new 350 cid engine know as the LT-1 350. It was rated at 360bhp (it had a rating of 370bhp when installed in Corvettes). This engine proved much more tractable, reliable, and generally outperformed the 302. (GM tech 155-162)For a lot of reasons, the 1970 is often remembered as the last great year for American muscle cars. The pressure on the auto makers had been building for quite some time. The Environmental Protection Agency was formed shortly a fter the 1970 Camaro hit the road, and insurance companies were making it harder and harder for young people to buy the high-powered machinery everyone wanted. One of the first mandates form the government was the phasing out of leaded gasoline and a dramatic lowering of auto exhaust emissionsThe 1970 Camaro had huge changes under the hood because of the new government restrictions. The Z-28 saw its 350 cid engine drop from 360 hp to 330 hp. Both the SS350 and SS396 (still with a 402 cid engine) saw decreases in power ratings and a proposed 400 cid engine never saw production. The RS package was still available with corresponding trim and appearance changes. A 174 day strike at the Ohio plant where all Camaros and Firebirds were built severly limited 1972 model year production. Even worse, 1,100 unfinished Camaros had to be scrapped because they didnt meet 1972 federal bumper safety standards. With the declining performance market, there were many calls to cancel the Camaro. Luckily cooler heads prevailed and the Camaro stayed in production. Visually, the 1972 Camaros had a revised grill with only seven vertical slats instead of the previous 12. Another GM mandate required that all power ratings be given in net terms (including all accessories). Although that led to drastic drops in peak numbers, the new ratings were actually more accurate than the old gross power ratings because they were a better reflection of the power that actually hit the roadThe big news for 1973 was the deletion of the SS option, which only left the Z-28 to carry the performance banner. The RS option remained with revised front bumperettes. A new Type LT option wa s added as a luxury package which included a weak V8 and several trim items. The Z-28 saw another decrease in power as hydraulic lifters replaced its solid ones. As a sign of the times, air conditioning was available on the Z-28 for the first time. Despite all this, production for all models was up. The Chevrolet Camaro would continue, unlike most of its muscle car era competitors, in one form or another, until it would return to its performance roots in the early 1990s. For 1974, the Camaro was given its first real face-lift of the new generation. Its nose featured a revised grille opening and the larger, impact-absorbing bumpers required by law. The taillights were replaced by flat, one-piece assemblies. The reworked nose and new bumpers stretched the carss overall length by 7 inches. The engine lineup was simplified by the removal of the 307 inch V8, leaving the 250 V6 and the 350 V8 engines as the sole choices. The Z28 was back for 1974 but with the first major alteration of its appearance since 1967. The traditional twin stripes running the length of the car were replaced by huge Z28 graphics on the hood, with three stripes trailing behind each character. The Z28 continued with 245 hp, although the engine benefited from the introduction of GMs High Energy Ignition (HEI). Cbest Ernest Hemingway EssayThe Rally Sport replaced the Sport Coupe in 1989, and was now available with the L03 V-8. Headlamp pockets were no longer painted black on the RS, as well rear shoulder belts, and the Corvette PASS-Key Ignition lock system was on all Camaros. As for the IROC, the P245/50ZR-16 were replaced with new P245/50VR-16 tires. The TPI motors for better Multec fuel injectors, which meant more performance, and new calibration eliminated the cold start injector. As well the base 15 inch IROC wheels were restyled to match the appearance of there 16 inch sibling, the four wheel disc optional rear brakes were increased to 11.65 inch rotors (from 10.5 inch), which allowed for better stopping and a more reliable parking brake. The G92 option upped the ante a bit with its performance exhaust (Dual Catalytic converters) which added an extra 10 ponies (hp)The 1990 model year was only a half year of production. Due to the termination of the Chevrolet IROC contract, no IROC-Z s were produced after 12/31/1989. Instead, the 1991 Camaros were introduced early during last half of the normal 1990 model year. 1990 IROCs and RSs are easily identifiable: 1990 was the first year for the updated interior which included drivers side airbag, redesigned instrument panel, yellow lettering on dash, rounded controls. So 1990 IROCs are the only IROCs with the new interior. 1990 RSs are the only RSs with the new interior. (GM tech manual: Camaro)For 1991 The IROC-Z was dropped, and the Z28 returned was the big headline for 1991. All Ground effects were redesigned, with side scoops in front of each wheel, and received a large Ferrari F40 like Wing. The Z28, CAMARO on the front license plate, was replaced with the Bow-tie, and the the hood louvers were replaced with power blisters, and badging only appeared on the rear bumper. The fresh new 16 inch wheel was now standard on the Z28 with optional P235/55R-16 tires or P245/50ZR-16 tires. But the P245/50ZR-16 tires were standa rd on the 350 Z28 and the Z28 Convertible. Fr the first time the Rally Sport was available with 16 inch wheels, it also received grid tail lights from its sister the Z28. B4C special service police package became available to law enforcement agencies only. Cars were RS coupes with Z28 5.0 TPI or 5.7 TPI drivetrains and Z28 suspensions. These cars came equipped with the 16 inch wheels and P245/50-ZR16 tires, engine oil cooler, rear disc brakes, and limited slip axle. Midyear, the 1LE 11.86 inch front brakes and HD calipers became optional for the B4C. This package was the only way to get air conditioning and the HD front brakes. There were 592 1991 B4C Camaros built. It was the 25th anniversary of the Camaro and the last year for third Generation production. 1992 also marked the end of Camaros produced at the Van Nuys plant (the only Camaro producing plant since the Norwood plant closed at the end of the 1987 model year). All Camaros had 25th anniversary badge on dash. The 1992 model wasnt changed very much because of the long awaited debut of the next generation Camaro. And so, after two fuel crises, a couple recessions, and six presidents, all was much as it had been 25 years earlier: high-powered Camaros and Mustangs dueling on the street and on the track. And the scary part was, things were about to get even more competitive. 1993 was the year of the 4th generation Camaro . Not only was the exterior radically transformed, but under the hood there were numerous performance upgrades. 1993 saw the debut of the fourth-generation F-body, and a marked increase in power. Camaros and Firebirds received a version of the 5.7 liter LT1 engine from the Corvette. This Gen-II small-block featured aluminum heads, reverse-flow cooling, and a redesigned intake setup that made good power all the way to the engines 5800 rpm redline. The 1993 LT1 was rated at 275-horsepower, and LT1-powered F-bodies were good for low-14s at the strip. Behind the new engine was an equally new Borg-Warner T-56 6-speed manual transmission, or a 4L60 (a renamed 700-R4) 4-speed automatic carried over from the previous generation. The rear-axle assembly remained basically the same as the third generation, albeit a tad wider. A new short/long arm (SLA) independent front suspension and aggressive, flowing bodywork capped by an extremely raked windsh ield rounded out the first models of the new generation. In 1997, Chevrolet celebrated the Camaros 30th birthday with an anniversary option to commemorate the event. The anniversary Camaros were draped in white paint with Hugger Orange stripes, as used on 1969 Indy Pace Cars. Overall, the visual effect of orange over white was perhaps better suited to the older cars, but the look was still striking. Chevrolet even revived the interior with 30th anniversary logos. White wheels added to the effect. 1998 was a big year for the Camaro. It received a major refreshening with body upgrades including a new front fascia, a new hood, composite reflector headlamps, and new fenders. The 1998 model also received chassis upgrades, a new 4-wheel disc brake system and a new anti-lock brake system (ABS). But the biggest upgrade was the all new LS1 V8 engine for the Camaro Z28. This new engine produces 335 horsepower. Thats more than twice the standard horsepower offered in the 1982 Z28, to shine a little perspective on the state of modern high-performance. Although most Camaros sold through the years have not been performance models, it is still the image and reputation of the various Super Sports, Z28s, Pace Cars, and IROC-Zs that have defined the Camaro and kept the car in the public eye. While other car fashions have changed, Camaro buyers still want powerful V8s driving the real wheels, preferably with a manual transmission between the two. Given the opportunity, they will buy performance . Words/ Pages : 4,830 / 24

Rockhampton Essays - Rockhampton, Queensland Heritage Register

Rockhampton Rockhampton Facilities and Popular Attraction Compared to Other Cities Rockhamptons biggest attraction would be that it is the beef capital of Australia. {more information how it was the beef capital and when it was} Rockhampton was discovered in 1850 when gold and copper were discovered about 100 km away promoting this town's growth as an agricultural market and port. Good Morning Our City Rockhampton has one of the biggest tourist attractions compared to other cities like bundaberg, Mackay, Gladstone and Townsville. Some of Rockhamptons biggest attraction is that it has a reputation of having historical buildings in front of the harbour acting as a waterfront. The Dreamtime Cultural Centre which is devoted to display aboriginal art and history, also this town boasts by having custom houses, an outstanding gardens, which shows an extended range of trees, plants and animals. Other cities does not have as much tourist attraction as Rockhampton. Some have bigger shopping centers and larger sporting facilities but they don't have a reputation of having outstanding houses or places to show off their natural surroundings English Essays

How to Write a Great College Application Essay Title

How to Write a Great College Application Essay Title Your application essays title is the first thing the admissions folks will read. Although there are many ways to approach the title, youll want those words at the top of the page to make the proper impression. Why a Title? Lets start with the  basics: Is your essay about something? Do you want your reader to know what its about? If so, your essay needs a title. Ask yourself which work youd be more excited to read: The Casque of Amontillado or Some Random Story by Edgar Allan Poe Thats About Something that Youll Figure Out After You Read It. If you dont provide a title, you dont give your reader any reason to be interested in beginning your essay other than a sense of duty. Make sure the college admissions folks are motivated to read your essay by curiosity, not by the necessity of their assigned drudge work. Picture a newspaper in which every article lacks a title. What article do you want to read? Which ones sound interesting? Clearly a newspaper without titles would be ridiculous. Application essays arent that different. Your reader wants to know what it is that he or she is going to read. The Purpose of an Application Essay Title Weve established that you need a title. But what makes a title effective? First off, think about the purpose of a title: A good title should grab your readers attention.Related to #1, a title should make your reader want to read your essay.The title should provide a sense of what your essay is about. When it comes to #3, realize that you dont need to be too detailed. Academic essays often have titles that look like this: Julia Camerons Photography: A Study of the Use of Long Shutter Speeds to Create Spiritual Effects. For an application essay, such a title would come across as over-written, pompous, and ridiculous. Consider how a reader would react to an essay with the title,  The Authors Trip to Costa Rica and How It Changed His Attitude Towards Biodiversity and Sustainability. After reading such a long and belabored title, the admissions folks wouldnt feel like they need to read the actual essay. Sample Good Essay Titles In general, there are no concrete rules for titles. Good titles can take a variety of forms: A good title can be clever or play with words. See, for example, Porkopolis  by Felicity or Buck Up  by Jill. Porkopolis is a nonsense word, but it works well for an essay on becoming a vegetarian in a meat-centric world, and Buck Up employs both a literal and figurative meaning of the phrase. As youll read below, however, you dont necessarily want to try to be too clever. Such efforts can backfire.A title can be provocative. As an example, a student who wrote about encountering new foods while abroad titled her essay Eating Eyeballs. If your essay focuses on a humorous, shocking or embarrassing moment in your life, its often easy to write an attention-grabbing title. Titles such as Puking on the President, Romeos Ripped Tights, and The Wrong Goal are sure to peek your readers interest.An essay title can be concise and straight-forward. Dont feel that you need great wit and alliteration in your title. Simple and direct language can be quite effective. Consider, for example, The J ob I Should Have Quit  by Drew,  Wallflower  by Eileen, and Striking Out  by Richard. These titles dont play with words or reveal great wit, but they accomplish their purpose perfectly well. In all of these cases, the title has provided at least a partial sense of the essays subject matter, and each has motivated the reader to continue reading. What the heck does Porkopolis mean? Why did you eat eyeballs? Why should you have quit your job? Avoid These Title Mistakes There are some common missteps that applicants make when it comes to titles. Be aware of these pitfalls: Vague language. Youll be off to a remarkably bland start if your essay is titled Three Things That Matter to Me or A Bad Experience. Bad (or good or evil or nice) is a painfully subjective and meaningless word, and the word things might have worked well in Tim OBriens The Things They Carried, but it rarely adds anything of value to your essay. Be precise, not vague.Broad, overly general language. This is a continuation of the vague language problem. Some titles try to cover far too much. You dont want to call your essay My Life Story or My Personal Growth or An Eventful Upbringing. Such titles suggest that you are going to attempt to narrate years of your life in a few hundred words. Any such effort is doomed to failure, and your reader will be doubting your essay before beginning the first paragraph.Overblown vocabulary. The best essays use clear and accessible language. When a writer attempts to sound intelligent by adding unnecessary syllables to every word, the reading experience is often torturous. When an essays title is My Utilization of Erroneous Rationalizations During My Pupilage, the readers immediate response is going to be pure dread. No one wants to read 600 words of that garbage. Strained cleverness. Be careful if youre relying on wordplay in your title. Not all readers are fans of puns, and a title may sound ridiculous if the reader doesnt understand a supposedly clever allusion. Cleverness is a good thing, but test out your title on your acquaintances to make sure it works.Clichà ©s. If your title relies on a clichà ©, youre suggesting that the experience that you are narrating is unremarkable and commonplace. You dont want the first impression of your essay to be that you have nothing original to say. So if you find yourself writing When the Cat Got My Tongue or Burning the Midnight Oil, stop yourself and reevaluate your title.Misspellings. Finally, nothing is more embarrassing than a misspelled title. There, at the top of the page in bold letters, youve used the word its instead of its, or you wrote about patients instead of patience. We all make these mistakes, but take extra care with your application essay. An error in the title is a sure way to elim inate any confidence your reader has in your writing ability. A Final Word About Application Essay Titles Many writers- both novices and experts- have a difficult time coming up with a title that works well. Dont hesitate to write your essay first and then, once your ideas have truly taken shape, go back and craft the title. Also, dont hesitate to seek help with your title. A brainstorming session with friends can often generate far better titles than a solitary session of pounding your head on your keyboard. You do want to get your title right- its going to make an immediate impression on the admissions folks who read your essay, and you clearly want them to enter your essay in a curious and eager state of mind. Finally, if youre writing your essay for the Common Application, keep in mind that your title will go in the text box with the rest of the essay, and the title will count toward your essays overall word count.

Free Essays on Punks Evolution

Punk’s Evolution "Punk is: a movement that serves to refute social attitudes that have been perpetuated through willful ignorance of human nature," at least according to Greg Graffin, a man who has a PhD and is also the lead singer of the punk band Bad Religion. This idea of social change in music is not new, by any means. People such as Bob Dylan, John Lennon, and many others had written songs of political injustice and the need for social change for a long time before punks were around. What made this different was the aggressiveness that they attacked these subjects with, a desperate, youthful, anarchic view that wanted change and they wanted it now. The Past 30 years have seen Punk music evolve with several punk revolutions in between. While Punk music is still thriving today for the most part the Punk ideology is dead. The initial idea that Punk could inspire social change through opposing mainstream methods failed due to the mainstreams acceptance and exploitation of the punk lifestyle. No one is quite sure who started punk first. Many would argue that it was the Ramones in New York with the CBGB club, while others would say it was the Clash and the Sex Pistols in England. However there is no controversy over when the movement began in the mid 1970’s. Punk was a unique phenomenon, it was music that started in the underground to try and change mainstream societal problems. Punk was a stance against consumerism, racism, prejudice or any other negative ill that was seen in the mainstream. At this time punk was it’s most raw and shocking and was best described as youth angst against mainstream society. More than anything punks strived very hard to be individuals. They were not Hippies preaching peace and love and they were definitely not practicing mainstream American values. Punks wanted to tear down the barriers in society, cause anarchy and ultimately force society to change. But most of all Punks wanted to ... Free Essays on Punk's Evolution Free Essays on Punk's Evolution Punk’s Evolution "Punk is: a movement that serves to refute social attitudes that have been perpetuated through willful ignorance of human nature," at least according to Greg Graffin, a man who has a PhD and is also the lead singer of the punk band Bad Religion. This idea of social change in music is not new, by any means. People such as Bob Dylan, John Lennon, and many others had written songs of political injustice and the need for social change for a long time before punks were around. What made this different was the aggressiveness that they attacked these subjects with, a desperate, youthful, anarchic view that wanted change and they wanted it now. The Past 30 years have seen Punk music evolve with several punk revolutions in between. While Punk music is still thriving today for the most part the Punk ideology is dead. The initial idea that Punk could inspire social change through opposing mainstream methods failed due to the mainstreams acceptance and exploitation of the punk lifestyle. No one is quite sure who started punk first. Many would argue that it was the Ramones in New York with the CBGB club, while others would say it was the Clash and the Sex Pistols in England. However there is no controversy over when the movement began in the mid 1970’s. Punk was a unique phenomenon, it was music that started in the underground to try and change mainstream societal problems. Punk was a stance against consumerism, racism, prejudice or any other negative ill that was seen in the mainstream. At this time punk was it’s most raw and shocking and was best described as youth angst against mainstream society. More than anything punks strived very hard to be individuals. They were not Hippies preaching peace and love and they were definitely not practicing mainstream American values. Punks wanted to tear down the barriers in society, cause anarchy and ultimately force society to change. But most of all Punks wanted to ...

Web Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Web Development - Essay Example As the house is nearly due the opening, he requested a live-functioning web site in high standard, with user friendly and easy navigation characteristics. In this report, the experience of developing the RS Holiday House website is reflected and based on the skill areas learned in the workshop sessions. The project goal was, also to explore alternate techniques, implement functions using HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript and allow us to submit online by making the website more user-friendly. The priority area was to develop a website to display information about the business that the RS Holiday House offers and the ability to book a reservation. The creation process is represented in the plan outlined below. The process of web development varies from developing the easiest static pages with plain text to the highly complex web based electronic businesses, social network website or Internet applications (Alexander, 2009), (Shelly, Cashman, & Vermaat, 2005), and (Shelly, Cashman, & Vermaat, 2005). The planning process begins with the consultation between the client and the developer. In this phase of the website development, I have gathered customer requirements. At this stage, a discussion was carried out with the customer regarding his requirements. I also analyzed the main areas that will be addressed or covered in the website. This process was a good practice which, I have learned in the project conducted earlier on in week three. During this period, I had the opportunity to try out both sides of a client and a developer role. Knowing now how to ask right questions to find out clients requirements helped me to know how to prepare myself for this project. The outcome of the client-deve loper consultation was that the website should work on the highest standard. It should also be simple but, modern. One of the client’s requirements was that the customer would be able to book a reservation right away from the website. As the business

Two approaches to globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Two approaches to globalization - Essay Example From the foregoing discussion, one might expect that their products should not have successful. What happened, however, was entirely unexpected. The performance of Starbucks has become legendary. In just 20 years, the Seattle company has grown from 18 coffee shops to thousands making it a leading global brand.2 Starbucks hardly advertises but has experienced 20% bump in global brand value. According to the company fact sheet, as of November 2006, Starbucks had 7,102 company-operated outlets worldwide: 5,668 of them in the United States and 1,434 in other countries and U.S. territories. In addition, the company has 5,338 joint-venture and licensed outlets, 3,168 of them in the United States and 2,170 in other countries and U.S. territories. This brings the total locations (as of November, 2006) to 12,440 worldwide. The number of weekly customers is 30 million.3 The Roddicks' first Body Shop opened on March 26, 1976 in Brighton, United Kingdom with only about 25 natural handmade products. The rights to the name of the firm was bought from a San Francisco beauty store which still remains today as The Body Time.

Life in the Trenches Essay Example for Free

Life in the Trenches Essay Today, we were once again heavily bombarding the German lines. It was a routine thing nowadays. Some of the more experienced soldiers didnt even notice the heavy German response bombardments that were every second posing a threat to their lives. As we heard a shell landing, we heard attentively just to make sure it wasnt coming direct on us and then, the colossal roar burst from the ground. Life here was getting rather monotonous, always the same routine, four days on the frontline then four days behind lines and then the same thing the following week or so. It wasnt what the papers said up in England, they were written to hide the truth of the massacring that occurred at the battle of the Sommes for one example. Hundreds and thousands of corps lay motionless on the ground. General Haig believed that with heavy bombardments we could break through their lines. He was mistaken. Men were crushed by the machine-gun fire as if dry leaves and they lay there, untouched, rotting away in the muddy earth which emitted an incredibly pungent smell. The mud made it almost impossible to live in these trenches. The water was right up to my knees and there was nothing I could do about it. A lot of my comrades managed to get trench foot which was a disease which made your feet rot due to the fact that they remained submerged for hours if not days. Life was incredibly tough in the trenches, nothing like I had imagined it to be. I thought Id come back as a war hero but from the English articles we read, it seemed to me as if none of our letters had been dispatched or if they had been intercepted in some way, to not allow our families know the real truth. They are made to believe that all is well and that the heroes that saved the French are close to victory. This was not true. Although General Haig did believe he made some progress today, it was nowhere near what we had hopes. The Germans knew about the attack and had built very effective means to defend themselves. They had built dig outs that were up to 12 metres deep underground. This was to protect from any sort of shell attack that the English and the French had. They also had very effective barbed wire that the English didnt completely manage to destroy before the 200,000 men were sent over the top on a suicide mission. The weather was also very unpredictable some days it would be boiling hot and we would die of thirst waiting for something remotely interesting to happen and other times, we would fear for our lives when we could hear a shell whistling like a train in a tunnel, at which point, we would sink our head right into the mud and not rise until we heard a relatively near explosion. The dig-outs were a good initiative seeing as it has always been a fact that the best way to absorb shell shock is with earth. We heard that some of the accommodations for officers were rather nice in the dig-outs. They were full complete with a bed, a pump, and sometimes even some different food that they manage to bring along with them and place it in the cupboards. Everyday, there was fear of the new methods that the Germans had developed of attacking us. There was late news that gas attack was in use. Now it was regulation that we had to carry a mask with us at all times otherwise we could be gassed with new inventions such as the mustard gas which apparently burned right through your skin and you suffered a horrible and painful death. We were all worried about this new gas. We didnt know what it actually smelt like. Apparently, it had a pungent smell hence the name, mustard gas but most of my fellow soldiers feel that they would fall into panic if a gas attack was to take place One of the very few things which I feel is very positive about the whole trench warfare is the comradeship. I had made some pals that would risk their lives if it would mean saving mine. I had never experienced such a feeling until I came to the trenches. It was truly unique. Knowing that you would have to live with these people twenty four hours a day, seven days a week was a way of knowing that somebody would always be there for you. You would seriously bond with someone and would do anything to accomplish the promise you made them. This was particularly moving when one of your closest comrades dies in action and you feel you should have died with him or for him. The danger in the trenches was as dangerous on the front line as to get there. We would be exposed to heavy artillery fire in these measly little trenches that compared to the front line looked as if they were built for dwarves. When our men died, we buried them behind the trenches. It was a petty funeral, no service no nothing, just whoever wanted to attend to dig up a ditch and place his friends in there to rest in piece. It was up to you if you wanted to help seeing as there was always the chance of a stray bullet or a sniper hitting you as you were working. Most were left to rot. After a while, the trenches, with the wet weather deteriorated. There was no more a 4 thick bullet-proof parapet to save your life; the walls of the trench had collapsed to make the trench into a mud bath with water which was to reach your knees. During the wet weather it was truly disgusting. Overall life in the trenches is pretty gross and unhygienic although, some officers did get treated rather well and the food that the English were given which was usually bully beef and jam was of a much higher quality than any other front line army. Diseases spread and people suffer of lack of sleep without forgetting the fact that everyone was homesick and wishing to see their families so basically, apart from making good friends and fighting for your country, the trenches must have been a rather appalling experience.

Free Hamlet Essays: Not Murder, Self Defense in Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Not Murder, Self Defense in Hamlet It is said that fall of the Royal family of Denmark, was Prince Hamlets fault. But in truth, Hamlet wasn't responsible for all the deaths. He was simply just avenging his fathers murder, an of Gertrude, Polonius, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, and Ophelia. If you don't know who you are killing, are you held fully responsible for the murder? In Hamlets case, he promised his father, he would avenge his fathers murder. After the play, Hamlet was called into Gertrudes room to have a talk with his mother. That evening, Hamlet had performed badley and embarrassed King Claudius by implying that he had killed King Hamlet. At this point in the play, Hamlet was aware that almost everyone was spying on him. So he had reason to be suspicious when he heard a noise from behind a curtain. It was of course Hamlets fault that he had stabbed Polonius, but Hamlet wasn't aware that it was Polonius. He thought that it was Claudius getting ready to pull a knife on him, so as self-defense, Hamlet killed him. Polonius was just mistaken for the King. He was simply in the wrong place at the wrong time. Therefore Because Hamlet wasn't aware he was killing the wrong person, he can't be fully responsible for Polonius's death. After Hamlet realized that he had murd ered the Kings advisor, not the king, he felt sorry for Polonius and sort of apologized. "thou wretched, rash, intruding fool, farewell. I took thee for thy better. Take thy fortune. Thou find'st to be too busy in some danger." ( Act 3 scene 4, line 38) Everyone deals with death differently. Hamlet mourns, promising to get even. Gertrude starts new with a new husband to replace the old one. When Ophelia hears about her fathers death, she goes mad. That is how Ophelia deals with death. She turned crazy; acting insane like a mad woman. Soon she got to the point where she couldn't control her actions. As a result, she herself decided to end her life, to end the madness and pain. Ophelia's death was caused because of her fathers death. Because Hamlet was not fully responsible for the death of Polonius, he couldn't be responsible for the death of Ophelia. Hamlet loved Ophelia; he wouldn't deliberately hurt her like that. "I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum.

Bugatti Research

This learning time choose the company of Bugatti because research into the company’s process design and manufacturing process was done in previous classes and the team found the process that Bugatti uses to be interesting. The Bugatti name has been known made to order, high quality, fast spot cars since 1910. The original car produced by Ettore Bugatti was seen as an innovator in the design and quality of cars for that time. Today the Bugatti name, presently owned by Volkswagen, is still known for producing unique, made-to-order, high-quality automobiles. The Bugatti Company manufactures the high-performance sport car Veyron. The Veyron is available in only a few trim levels. Bugatti uses the make-to-order system to produce it cars. As a result Bugatti only produce a few hundred automobiles a year. The Bugatti Veyron is a vehicle for the super-rich because of the price is over a million United States dollars. The most basic model is only one to two hundred thousand less. A vehicle costing that much has to come with the best technologies and features. The Veyron does not let the buyer down in any area of technology. Some unique features to the Veyron include a rear spoiler that extends and retracts, depending on the speed of the vehicle. The spoiler is a vital safety component of the Veyron. The Veyron’s engine produces more than 1000 horsepower and the engineers at Bugatti designed the spoiler to flip up and act like an air-brake found on airplanes. When the brakes are applied the spoiler assist with the stopping the vehicle at high speeds. Another unique feature of the Veyron is the 10 radiators used to cool down different components in the engine. The purchasing and manufacturing of a Bugatti is the perfect example of lean production, which eliminates waste in the process and purchasing cycle time. Bugatti eliminates waste during production and purchasing. The process is like no other vehicle that is made-to-order. A Bugatti’s purchase is similar but more stringent than the process of buying a home, but with more prestige. To purchase a Bugatti the buyer has to apply for the automobile, the application is submitted to a French security firm for a thorough background check to ensure the applicant’s worth and liquidity. Because of the limited qualified buyers, Bugatti allocates little money for advertising, promoting, and marketing of the automobiles. Instead of promotions, Bugatti invest in shipping demonstrator vehicles to the driveway of selected prospective buyers that have passed background checks. Bugatti also allocates money to pay top race-car drivers to deliver vehicles to the perspective buyers. One of the unique items in the manufacturing process of Bugatti is in the interior leather. The entire manufacturing process of a Bugatti is unique in a sense because an absolute advantage concept is applied. In a sense is used because Bugatti selects suppliers of an aristocratic nature to manufacture their product but spares no expenses. The interior leather is interesting because it is made by Hermes, known for handbags, over competitors like Luis Vuitton or Versace. Researched revealed a relationship dating back to the 1920s between the Hermes and Bugatti families. Hermes has always made luxury leather that complements the Bugatti name. The Bugatti name has and continues to stand for speed and quality. The made-to-order system and lean production process has made the reputation of Bugatti stay strong since the start in 1920. When the Volkswagen Company purchased the Bugatti name in 1998, they promised to live up to the standards of the founder Ettore Bugatti. The unique design and features continues to make the automobiles different from their competitors. The unique design and features also only make the Bugatti attainable only for the rich and famous.

A Brief Analysis of William Blake’s “The Fly”

â€Å"The Fly† by William Blake has a very loose structure, and uses a trimester rhyme scheme. The purpose of using trimester is for the short lines to symbolize the brevity of life. The first of the five stanzas describes an innocent fly being thoughtlessly killed by a human being. The second compares a man to a fly and a fly to a man. The third and fourth explain how flies and humans are similar, and the fifth affirms that man is indeed like a fly.Death is repeatedly referred to as a hand. The fly is killed by being â€Å"brushed away† by the humans â€Å"thoughtless hand. † The human is killed by the â€Å"blind hand† of death. Blake uses the technique of Juxtaposition of the fly and the speaker. The human sees the fly as powerless, and then realizes that humans could be seen in the same manner by a higher order. He says he is fated to live his life â€Å"Till some blind hand/ Shall brush my wing†, comparing his death to that of the fly.The iris stanza uses the imagery of the human placed in a God-like position when he kills the fly. When the human speaking from the point of view of a human, the fly symbolizes those below the speaker in society. The theme of â€Å"The Fly† is man's extreme weakness in comparison to God/death/fate. The poem also uses a common theme of Flake's: innocence and experience. The fly is totally innocent and powerless. The speaker realizes that human beings are powerless in the same way, and this passes him into the realm of experience.

Trinity Church and John Hancock Skyscraper in Copley Square essays

Trinity Church and John Hancock Skyscraper in Copley Square essays Copley Square in Boston is a historic landmark of Boston, Massachusetts, that remains to be one of the defining features of the city, both due to its historical and architectural significance, but also in part because of its unique open-space setup filled with trees, flowers, and grass. The incredible architecture of Copley Square that spans the style and history of many decades, combined with the park-like atmosphere of the plant life, is able to transport any visitor to a different state of mind, and it serves as a great escape from the dark alleys and traffic pollution of Boston. One of the fascinating things about the Copley Square area is that it was once a tidal marsh unable to support any buildings until the Back Bay was filled. (Wieneke.) Two of the defining landmarks of Copley Square are the Trinity Church and the John Hancock skyscraper. The original Trinity Church in Boston was was built by John Indicott in the 1700's. (Norton) However, in 1860 the Vestry voted to move the church to a new location. In January of 1872, a 24,800 square foot plot of land was purchased in Boston, having been carefully chosen as the site for the church, and soon after committee meetings began to review architectural plans for the building. Gambrill and Richardson, a firm of H. H. Richardson, was commissioned to design the church. Additional funds were set aside for the building, allowing for an additional plot of land to be purchased, adding nearly 15,000 feet to the original plan. The church is surrounded on all sides by streets, not other buildings which would restrict the view of the church. In April of 1873, engineers began driving wooden pilings, most of which were completed from July to September of this year. However, the Vestry became discouraged by the building cost estimates ranging from a soaring $355,000 to $640,000 and they halted work on the building unt...

How to Answer this Interview Question Honestly

How to Answer this Interview Question Honestly In the interview, things are going along well. Maybe you’ve aced the small talk with the interviewer, and have created a rapport as you skip through the standard interview questions about five-year plans and that time you problem-solved the heck out of something. Then your new buddy looks you in the eye and asks for your honesty. For example, â€Å"Tell me what you’d do if your boss came up with an idea you hated.† Or â€Å"Tell me something negative you’ve heard about this company.† Just two new friends (and probable future coworkers) having a candid moment, right? Well, partly yes. But mostly no. The interview is still on, remember, and you need to answer it as an A+ candidate. How do you navigate this interview question?DO make sure you’ve got straightforward body language.Fidgeting, avoiding eye contact, all of those things make it look like you’re scrambling for an answer- or worse, making something up.DON’T disparage the c ompany or your hypothetical boss with the terrible idea.Going negative can be tempting to show what a badass shark you are, but keep in mind that this might not be so hypothetical to the interviewer. She might be your boss with the terrible idea at some point. Try to keep the tone positive no matter what:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I think an idea is a starting point for conversation.† Or â€Å"I did see the news reports last week about the company accidentally poisoning baby seals, but I think there are two sides to every story, and I’d want to know more about the situation that goes beyond the headlines.†DON’T gossip.If the company was all over the news last week for poisoning baby seals, then sure, it’s okay to go ahead and mention that particular elephant in the room if you’re asked about negative things you’ve heard. Otherwise, it’s likely the interviewer is fishing to see what the industry is saying about his company- or at the very least, trying to gauge whether you’re coming in with a particular agenda.This is especially likely to come up if your current/last job was at a competitor. You’re not a double agent, so don’t let them play you like one. If you’re pressed, be positive. â€Å"I can’t recall anything particularly negative, but I was interested in learning more about [aspect of company], if you’d like to talk more about that.DO see this as an opportunity to reflect back on your own skills.For the question on how you’d disagree with a boss or colleague, use an example of a time you faced different perspectives in a previous job. For the â€Å"what have you heard?† question, emphasize that what you have heard about the company dovetails with your goals, and that’s why you’re so interested in working with them.DON’T be brutally honest.Be tactful and positive instead. Remember, there’s Regular You, and there’s Professional You. There are, necessarily, differences between the two. Always err on the side of Professional You, even if Regular You would talk smack about the company off the record, or if Regular You would roll your eyes at a boss’s ludicrous idea. The interviewer needs to know you’re a team player, and this is a good place to show off your diplomacy skills.So in short: don’t go too negative, and if you need to, umm, massage what you really think, make sure it comes off as a straightforward response.

Evidence, Proof, Argument AND Criminal Law Speech or Presentation

Evidence, Proof, Argument AND Criminal Law - Speech or Presentation Example In the case, your honor, the defendant confronted the victim for raping his girlfriend. The defendant stabbed the victim and he died. He was convicted of murder, but later appealed on the defense of loss of control. The defendant’s appeal was dismissed on the grounds that he was aware of what he was doing. It was established in the ruling that loss of temper cannot be confused with loss of control. Loss of control is defence only where the mind is not in control of the body. The defendant in the case before us today was aware of what was going on around him during the attack If it pleases your Honour, I would go through the qualifying triggers under section 55 (3) (4) of the Act in relation to the case at hand, to demonstrate why loss of control should be withdrawn. The defendant did not express any serious fear towards the victim either by words or actions. The victim was merely acting in defense of his friend, knowing a little more than what he saw after being woken up. Instead of fighting back, was it possible for the defendant to surrender? In the case of R v Martin (Anthony) [2002] WRL1; [2002] CAR 27 Crim LR 136; the defendant shot a burglar (the victim) and argued that it was out of self defence. The defence was not available because the level of force used was more than reasonable. The defendant was convicted of murder. In his witness, Detective Sergeant Philip Dennis said that the defendant was examined and it was found that the damage was not too severe and he was fit to be detained and interviewed. This shows that the victim attack did not threaten the life of the defendant and it was unreasonable to stab him. In the tape recording of the interview, the defendant expressed no remorse that the victim was dead. Was the defendant in this case your honour seriously wronged by the victim’s words and actions leading him to act out of character? I believe not. The defendant’s behaviour provoked

Michael Porter's 5 Forces for Target Research Paper - 1

Michael Porter's 5 Forces for Target - Research Paper Example New entrants are firms that have just entered into a market or will do so in the near future (Barney and Hesterly). Because Target just operates within one market, the United States, it is susceptible to new entrants trying to take away some of Target’s market share. Another reason is due to a reducttion in the barriers to entry, e.g. international trade. It is becoming easier and easier for foreign competitors to enter markets because of liberalization of trade. The UK-based company Tesco is perhaps the biggest threat to the American discount deparment store market. Supplies assist firms by contributing raw materials and labor, among other things, to the process of finishing a product (Barney and Hesterly). The bargaining power of suppliers in the discount department store industry is relatively strong because of the wide number of competitors in the market. If suppliers do not like their current relationship with a discount department store, then they can take their business somewhere else. Another reason that suppliers have greater bargaining power is through the increase in online stores. Now, consumers can choose to purchase a product directly from the supplier rather than through the retailer. Buyers are a key component of Target’s marketing schemes because they have the ability to stay with the company or leave if they feel prices are too high (Barney and Hesterly). Because of the wide range of stores in the industry, customers do not feel loyal to one particular brand and can switch their loyalties if another brand offers a product of the same quality for less. As a result, firms are always competing to lower their prices, and this can only be good for the customer because it strengthens their position. Substitute products fulfill customer needs by do so by offering something extra (Barney and Hesterly). In the discount department store industry, the threat of substitutes is

A Reflection on 'Fire On Marlborough Street' (Stanley J. Forman, 1975) Essay

A Reflection on 'Fire On Marlborough Street' (Stanley J. Forman, 1975) - Essay Example Upon first looking at â€Å"Fire On Marlborough Street†, the action in the scene makes the nature of the photograph obviously disturbing. But there is more to it than that. As viewers, especially as of late, we have seen scenes of death before. We have encountered photographs of war, holocaust, famine, crime, violence, etc.; so the subject matter is not a new one. What makes Forman’s â€Å"Fire On Marlborough Street† a unique visual experience are three things; firstly, our knowledge of the facts leading up to the picture. Bryant and Jones were only seconds away from being safely rescued by a fireman, when the collapse of the unstable fire escape sent them plummeting to the ground. Having to acknowledge the blink-of-an-eye immediacy of the event, even several decades later, leaves viewers shaking their heads in disbelief. Secondly, the historical significance of the photograph reminds us that all too often social progress comes at a hefty price, and thirdly, the immediate in-your-face action that is so close up, engages and impacts the viewer on a personal and visceral level. Squarely frozen in the middle of the picture, one of the victims (Bryant) seems to be protruding from the photograph, almost reaching out to the viewer. The near three-dimensional perspective of the action makes the photograph appear almost holographic. But what is the meaning behind Formans photograph, and what effect does it have on the viewing audience? The photo speaks to the fragility of life, and the ever so thin line between hope and despair. It reminds us how fleeting life really is, and that each of us is just a collection of moments. The photo immediately registers in ones mind as being horrific, and we shudder at the thought of the end result, yet for some reason, a tragedy frozen in time compels, and even more so, allows us to look on. There is a

Techniques of Establishing Character Essay Example for Free

Techniques of Establishing Character Essay Opening a new business is never an easy task. Various factors count while starting a new venture and much is at stake. However the formalities and the difficulties also depend on the country one wants to do business in. Every country has certain rules and regulations as regards to doing businesses on its land. El Salvador is an open economy in Central America and attracts foreign investors. After Chile El Salvador has become the second most open economy in Latin America. Government is democratic and offers several promotional benefits for the investors. Several factors like â€Å". . . CAFTA (Central American Free Trade Agreement), low inflation, proximity to the US marketplace, competitive operational costs, and tax exemptions in free trade zones. . . † make the country an attractive option for foreign investment (â€Å"Doing Business in El Salvador†, 2007). Even though issues like unemployment and gang activities are bothersome but â€Å". . . sustainability and sound CSR (corporate social responsibility) policies in agribusiness, manufacturing, apparel, electronics, and the development of bio-fuels place El Salvador at the forefront of Latin American trade development† (â€Å"Doing Business in El Salvador†, 2007). The country also gets assistance from the United States to tackle with the negative issues in the society (â€Å"Doing Business in El Salvador†, 2007). Flexible policies of El Salvador make it much easier for the companies to do business in the country. State has free trade agreements with a number of countries like US, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Dominican Republic, Chile, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Panama, Taiwan, Colombia, and Central America and many other countries. It is an open market for US goods with very low tariffs and other trade restrictions. USA is the biggest trade partner of the country followed by Central America and Mexico. The official currency is US dollar. El Salvador has very less corruption. On the other hand there are also some limitations for the foreign companies. Judicial system of the country is time-consuming, lethargic and is partial as far as foreign companies are concerned. Crime rate is high and literacy rate is low leading to unemployment and lack of English proficiency (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). El Salvador offers significant growth in sectors like automotive parts and service equipment, dental equipment, printing and graphics and travel and tourism. Agents are the best way of entering the Salvadorian market and the concentration of trade in the capital city rules out the need for more than one agent. Companies or individuals must verify every agreement and bona fides of partners they are going to be associated with. There is no need of an exclusive territorial contract in the beginning with agents. The Salvadoran Commercial Code is meant to protect both the agents and the companies in default situations. Companies must consult local lawyers to get a hold of the legal system of the country. Several protections, compensations and damages must be considered while entering into an agreement with an agent or a partner (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). The next step is getting a license to open an office in the country. Presence of a lawyer in every step is crucial for hassle free progress from one step to another. â€Å"One stop† window of El Salvador’s National Investment Office provides every assistance for getting a license to open an office, branch, or agency. â€Å". . . it also provides assistance with labor related issues, immigration, and information about the Free Trade Zone Law regime† (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). Different licenses are needed that can be listed as follows: a) Society or Company Registration b) Initial Balance Registration c) 1 st time Establishment Registration d) Income Tax Identification Number (NIT) (Ministry of Finance) e) Value Added Tax Identification Number (IVA) (Ministry of Finance) f) Invoices Correlative Registration (Correlativo de Facturas) (Ministry of Finance) g) First time Employer’s Identification Number (NIP) (Salvadoran Social Security Institute) h) Work Place Registration (Ministry of Labor) (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). All these formalities can be submitted at the â€Å"Integral Services Window† of the Registry of Commerce Office of the National Registry Center (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). $11,428 is the minimum capital needed to start a business. The Commerce Registry also needs the names of the companys board of directors and administrative personnel. All the accounting records of the company must be in Spanish and approved by a certified public accountant. The Commerce Registry issues the license only when the company’s location details are cleared by the municipality and it is registered in the National Industrial and Commercial Establishments Directory at the General Director of Statistics and Census. License is then printed in local newspaper. There is a need of further clearances from specific ministries for specific companies. For instance pharmaceuticals companies must complete all the formalities with the Superior Council for Public Health and so on for other sectors (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). Franchise is another attractive option for starting a new business in El Salvador. US fast food joints are booming in the country. Others include: U. S. franchises operating in El Salvador include hotels and car rental, auditing/accountancy, credit reports, mobile advertising and media marketing, print shop/one hour photo labs, beauty/hair salons, fitness centers, computer learning, child care/learning centers, video rental, exterminator services, and dry cleaning (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). Direct marketing using telemarketing mediums like mobile and internet and cable services is another option for establishing a business. A joint venture of US and Salvadorian company must be incorporated and duly registered in El Salvador (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). Next step is concerned with the distribution and selling of the product. Import of products is handled by the distributors who can launch and utilize the opportunity of their already existing wide networks to market any new product in El Salvador. Small retailers buy some products like used vehicles and auto parts, clothing, jewelry, cosmetics and household goods from US themselves. Free trade zones form major distribution centers of the country. It is very important to market a product with as much efficiency and care as devoted in its production only then can the product reach its consumers. Using prominent newspapers, billboards and other media can be useful for introducing a new product and communication your idea to the end user. Grand launch at premium hotels and among significant personalities of the region can bring a new product in instant limelight: As competition increases, creative sales promotions such as contests, drawings, raffles, etc. , become more relevant. Samples of products are often handed out at supermarkets and department stores. Participation in local exhibits and sponsorship of local events and conferences is a common local practice for brand positioning. Shared budget for promotional campaigns and advertising is highly appreciated by local importer/distributor, and simple things such as the availability of brochures and other promotional materials in Spanish are very helpful for marketing products (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). Government of El Salvador regulates only the liquefied propane gas rates, public transport rates, and energy rates. Import duty and the 13-percent value-added tax (VAT) is added to the price of imported products. â€Å"Import tariffs for capital goods are zero percent, raw materials range from zero to 5%, intermediate goods range from 5 to 10%, and finished goods are charged a maximum of 15%. Textiles, agricultural products, vehicles, and a few other non-essential products are charged higher tariffs that range from 15 to 30%† (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). Free trade agreements between US and El Salvador reduce the amount of tariffs on the US products to a greater extent. No duty is imposed on 80 percent of the American products. Trade barriers are also minimal. However some services and professionals do face some barriers like architects and notaries must be local only. Rice and pork are the two products that buyers have to buy locally and their further demands follow an import quota system and 40 percent duties. Countries bound by CAFTA-DR do not question each others sanitary inspection methods. In case of imports, there is no need of import licenses and a commercial invoice and bill of lading can only be sufficient to serve the purpose. The National Registry Center (CNR) has one-single-import shop where a company can get import licenses of the following institutions: Customs, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Health, Ministry of National Defense, Ministry of Economy (virtual), Ministry of the Environment, and the National Health of Public Council. Some products like arms and ammunition exported from US need an export license from the US government. There are other products that need a license from the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS). So the exporters must make sure that they have the required licenses and permissions to export their products to El Salvador. Some products like high-caliber firearms, machines and tools for making coins, counterfeited coins and bills, movies contrary to ethics and good behavior, abortives etc. are prohibited for import in the country (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). Some rules regarding the labeling of the products can be listed below: †¢ Retailers must have the price of the product either on the packaging or in a visible place. †¢ Products that are sold by weight or volume or any other measure must have the weight, volume, or an exact measure of the contents on the label. †¢ For pharmaceuticals, the list of ingredients, expiration date, dosage, contraindications, risks involved when used, residual toxic effects, etc. as established by the Ministry of Public Health must be printed on the label. †¢ Labels on frozen and canned foods must include an expiration date. †¢ Labeling must be in Spanish language (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). Customs procedures are relaxed and simple in the country. Use of modern technology, internet and â€Å"Teledespacho† system in particular has reduced the time the formalities used to take. Teledespacho system rules out the need of a custom broker and provides a direct link between the importer/exporter and the Central Customs Service. Mandatory Salvadoran Standards (NSO) and Recommended Salvadoran Standards (NSR) are two types of standards used in the country: NSOs include the standards regulating the International System of Units; standards relating to materials, procedures, products and services that may affect human life, safety and integrity and the safety and integrity of other live organisms; environmental protection standards; and standards considered by the government to be relevant to the economy or in the public interest. NSRs are concerned with materials; procedures, products and services not covered by an NSO (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). El Salvador is an attractive option for doing businesses and the regulations of the government are flexible enough for the companies to open up and explore new opportunities in the country. It is a mutually beneficial relationship. Both the foreign investors and the economy of El Salvador benefit from this flexible system. Growth and development of El Salvador depends largely on the foreign investment, in particular from US which is its biggest trade partner (â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies†, 2008). There are several similarities and differences in regulations and conditions with regards to opening a business in the US and El Salvador. Like El Salvador USA has several free trade agreements with numerous nations around the globe making it an attractive option for foreign investment. US is also a free, democratic and open economy. El Salvador has most of its business concentrated in its capital city while it is not the case in US. Laws and regulations are same in the entire nation of Salvador while in US every state has its own business regulations. Licenses and permits are required for doing only specific jobs in USA. Need of a license depends on the state and exact location of the business since every state has different local regulations. The owner also has to pay business taxes depending upon the location of business. Following business need licensing: †¢ for those businesses or professionals that go through extensive training before practicing, such as lawyers, physicians, nurses, accountants, dentists, teachers, or †¢ before carrying on a particular trade or business, in order to protect the environment and consumers from fraudulent activities and unsafe products or services. Real estate agents, restaurants, bars, insurance agents, pawnbrokers, peddlers, cosmologists, private investigators, and mechanics are representative of this group, to name a tiny fraction (â€Å"State licenses†). Like El Salvador every business needs an EIN (employer identification number). It is always a good step to hire a local lawyer and an accountant to aid in the initial legal proceedings of the country. Also since in US every state has different laws and statutes regarding a business so it is very important to seek local help. Major difference in doing business in US and in El Salvador is that †¢ US is a much bigger economy †¢ Offering much bigger opportunities †¢ There is no lack of help government offers to foreign companies and investors †¢ Laws are rigid to protect both domestic and foreign companies †¢ Literacy rate is much higher †¢ English proficiency is much higher among locals †¢ Multilingual and multicultural diversity of US allows everyone fulfill their dreams and reach their specific consumers. Translators and interpreters are available everywhere for every kind of help and bridging gaps among people of different language backgrounds. †¢ Crime and unemployment rates are much lower †¢ Infrastructure is well developed †¢ Every tool for direct marketing like internet, telemarketing, cable services, postal delivery systems, courier systems are very well developed and provide expanded prospects for different businesses. †¢ There is no shortage of resources and financial aids from government institutions and private banks.†¢ With proper planning any dream can turn into a wealthy and booming business. References â€Å"Doing Business in El Salvador† (2007). Retrieved August 12, 2008 from http://www. gatewayelsalvador. com/gateway_el_salvador_doing_business_in_el_salvador. html â€Å"Doing Business In El Salvador: A Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies† (2008). Retrieved August 12, 2008 from http://www. buyusa. gov/elsalvador/en/ccg. html â€Å"State licenses. † Retrieved August 12, 2008 from http://business-law. freeadvice. com/starting_a_business/state_licenses. htm

Essay --

Opera, as we know it today, with its blend of poetry, music drama and elaborate sets, has its roots in ancient Greek theatre. Great drama and tragedies of ancient Greece were punctuated by musical and lyrical interludes. This was the early conception of operatic ideas in using music and song to reflect characters’ emotions in narratives. The humanist movement in fifteenth-century Florence, Italy held works of the classical civilisations in high regard. The inspiration which stemmed from ancient Greece and Rome greatly influenced art, music and architecture. The intermedi, which was a musical interlude that took place between acts of plays involving music, singing, elaborate costumes and sets, was popularised for Florentine public celebrations for the powerful Medici family in the sixteenth-century. It developed into ‘a play within a play’ and became a â€Å"precursor to the grandeur of Baroque opera productions.† (Bellingham, et al., 2004, p. 11) Although we generally view a composer as the ‘author’ of an opera, music is but one of the elements which contributes to the eventual staging of the performance. It is therefore necessary to study an opera in its context, beyond its musical inflections. â€Å"Opera is fraught with contradictions: between the composer’s intentions and their realisation by the performers; in the function of an opera audience, which takes part in a social performance that has often rivalled the performance on stage; and between the demands of ‘authenticity’ and the need for creative interpretation in performing older works.† (Raeburn, 2007, p. 8) The development of opera practices in the seventeenth and eighteenth century is evidently affected by social, political, economic and cultural currents. The earliest ... ...ntury opera showed the value of music over text. Though operatic practices had evolved greatly over a span of a hundred years, regardless the era, â€Å"Opera, by contrast, is notable for the multiplicity of forces that must be brought together openly for its making – for example, the financial powers that provide for its lavish needs; the diverse and often warring talents, drawn from a number of arts, who are expected to work together to create and perform its texts; the audiences who use it to satisfy both their aesthetic and their social cravings†¦The history of opera is thus not simply a conventional history of shifting period styles and competing national traditions, for it must accommodate countless â€Å"nonaesthetic† elements that help shape these styles and that these styles sometimes even shape in return.† (Lindenberger, Opera, The Extravagant Art, 1984, pp. 235-236)

Ford Motor Company: Supply Chain Strategy Essay

The Ford Motor Company finds itself in a dynamic business environment where new technologies and practices offer the potential to alter in a significant way the landscape in which it operates. Henry Ford was in his time an innovator in offering ‘cars for the masses’. He introduced to the car industry methods and systems innovative in their day. Ford needs once again to forge new paths to ensure future competitive advantage . Executives at Ford have been considering the ‘Direct Model’ created by Dell Computer Corporation and finds that there is considerable appeal. Dell has been able to speed up inventory velocity such that there is only eleven days of inventory on hand. This has led to an inventory turnover rate of thirty times per annum . This achievement, termed by Michael Dell ‘Virtual Integration’ has been achieved by blurring the line between supplier, Dell and client, to the extent that third party service staff are often thought, by clients, to be Dell’s own staff. In order to see how congruent the Dell model is to Fords’ business we need to examine the similarities and differences between the two companies. This will allow us to gain some insight as to whether virtual integration could work at Ford. Ford Motor CompanyDell Computer Corporation Similarities *Cars are consumer items.*Computers are a consumer item. *Suppliers are often located close to manufacturing facilities.*Ford maintains close locational links with suppliers. *Number of suppliers is small.*Ford is working to build relationships with a limited number of strategic suppliers. *Ford’s customers range from large corporations, to government institutions, to the consumer.*Dell’s clients range from large corporations, to government institutions, to the consumer. Differences *Cars are personal in nature and many clients want to have close contact. A showroom is usually preferred.*Computers are generic in nature and do not need showrooms. *Safety and reliability are major concerns.*Computers are not expected to be entirely reliable. *A car is made up of generic (tyres, petrol caps) and custom (dashboards, body panels) parts.*Computers are made almost entirely of generic parts. *Suppliers are often completely dependent on Ford*Suppliers are not entirely dependent upon Dell. *Ford is large and may have limited manoeuvrability.*Dell is flexible and can rapidly respond to market or supplier pressure. *Ford has a large dealer network, both independent and company owned.*Dell has no retail network, all sales are Direct. *Ford has a vast range of products.*Dell has a limited range of products with a narrow palette of variations. Analysis and Suggestions Key to Dells’ strategy is their policy of outsourcing all manufacture. Dell  acts merely as the assembler and packager. The company is able to pick and choose from the range of industry leading components, allowing other manufacturers to make the investments in leading edge technology. The suppliers manufacture their, essentially generic, products for many customers and therefore are economically independent of them and also have little difficulty in meeting the JIT (just in time) requirements of Dell. Ford has at one time, both notable similarities and striking differences in terms of their relationship with suppliers. Many Ford components such as tyres, windscreen wipers, and electrical components are sourced from large suppliers who supply the same components to other companies. These products are well suited to a closer integration of supply – virtual integration. On the other hand, a very large proportion of Ford components are custom made for Ford. Tier one suppliers of custom components such as body panels, seats and engine components are heavily dependent on Ford and other large carmakers. These suppliers second tier suppliers, who in turn also have suppliers. If virtual integration is to succeed with these components every company along the value chain right back to the raw materials would need to be involved. This would be a very difficult and complex network to coordinate. Fords’ history is a factor to be considered, their longevity and size in the industry gives them a tremendous degree of influence when compared with Dell, a relative newcomer to business and whilst a large buyer of components, not so influential on trends and technology. The disadvantage may be that this stature may make it hard to bring their very large organisation and supplier network along the road to virtual integration. The dealer network must be considered. The dealers carry a very limited range of products, which they hold in stock. If Ford decides to carry the Direct Model towards the end consumer they need to ask whether they need a dealer network and in what form. The possibility of disintermediation needs to be examined. Alternative forms, that use the existing network ay be viable, for example, the dealer might be used to postpone the final form until the point  of customer order. This might be the fitting of audio equipment, air conditioning or interior trim customisation. This would enable more consumers to benefit from the vast possible range of options, as well as, at the same time reducing the factory lead-time for manufacture. Recommendation If Ford is to successfully emulate Dell then they are best able to do this in areas where they have similarities. The most notable congruency is in the area of supply of generic components. Here Ford should continue its process of building strategic relationships. Where components are of a more specialised nature then Ford should examine the relationships to ascertain whether bringing suppliers closer to the company will offer benefits to both parties. Ford should work on its’ internal culture. Integration of supply chains on the scale practiced by Dell can only occur in an environment where information flows freely to all points of the supply network. As outlined in the case documents; Ford maintains a high degree of separation of the purchasing departments from marketing and production. Ford will not be able to provide focus up and downstream unless they themselves are committed to an open culture where logistics information is a part of the life blood of the company. The relationship with customers is more difficult. The dealer network will probably be averse to Ford moving towards direct sales, as it will threaten their livelihood. They can reap some of the benefits by introducing a web based ordering service for cars, allowing clients to specify the car that they want and then matching the requirement to the cars already in stock through out the network. If a client prefers they could order a vehicle built to order and supplied to a local dealer. This will enable Ford to become closer to the needs of clients, seeing accurately what they want rather than what they buy because it is available. This compromise will give the company some benefits: *Information about customer wishes. *Opportunity to reduce both dealer stocks and Fords’ stocks by avoiding duplication. *Delaying the final form of the product by increasing the range of dealer fitted items will enable Ford to simplify manufacture, whilst offering a greater degree of ‘real customisation’ to clients. *Delay of final form will increase dealer revenues, buying their enthusiasm and consent for the next stages of coordination. Epilogue Since this case was written, Ford has, in collaboration with General Motors and Daimler Chrysler established a joint venture, now called Covisint. It is envisioned as a global business-to-business supplier exchange. Its purpose is to share information with suppliers Each of the partners has combined their E-business initiatives in order that suppliers would be able to develop systems to deal with a single system rather than . The hoped for benefits are: *Increased levels of collaboration *Lower costs for all members of the supply chain *More efficient business practices GM is now piloting a build to order system for its Brazilian ‘Celta’ model. They are able to do this because they have the support of dealers who are sharing the cost savings with GM references Austin, Robert D. 1999. Ford Motor Company : Supply Chain Strategy. In Huff Wade Schneberger. New York: McGraw-Hill. Joan Magretta. The Power of Virtual Integration: An Interview With Dell Computer’s Michael Dell. Harvard Business Review, March – April 1998, pp. 73 – 84. Covisint web site, < http://www.covisint.com/about/history > [Accessed: November 2nd, 2002] Ibid. US News.com web site, < http://www.usnews.com/usnews/biztech/articles/020401/1industry.b1.htm > [Accessed November 2nd, 2002]

Joseph’s Story

B. Cellular processes and membrane functions that will be affected if Joseph’s heart stopped would be as follows. Oxygen, glucose, and essential ions that are required for the heart to pump will slow down. Each of his cells will have to work harder and faster which uses up his energy supply. Carbon dioxide levels inside the cells will rise, which causes his PH to drop. The mitochondria will run out of oxygen and glucose to make essential ATP, which eventually causes the cells to die. Active transport pumps will shut down the plasma membranes of his heart which in return causes sodium to leak into the cells and potassium to leak out. If heart stops the brain can no longer function and if the heart doesn’t get oxygen soon, loss of O2 will eventually lead to death. C. Lack of ATP affected the plasma membrane pumps and meant that calcium stopped moving from the cytosol into the endoplasmic reticulum of his cardiac muscle cells. The plasma membrane protects cellular contents and mediates the entry and exit of substances. The cytosol is where metabolic reactions occur. The ER has two parts, the rough ER is covered by ribosomes and is attached to the nuclear envelope and smooth ER lacks ribosomes. Lysosome enzymes normally bound safely inside vesicles began to digest the plasma membranes and the membranes of the organelles. The lysosomes are vesicles formed from Golgi complex and contain digestive enzymes. D. The coronary muscles and the heart muscles are needed in order for Joseph’s body to be repaired. The coronary muscles have to be unblocked in order to reestablish blood flow to the heart and because of have suffering a massive heart attack parts of the muscle can become permanently damage, the remaining parts that are not damaged will need to be provided oxygen. E. without ATP, oxygen, and nutrients, multiple cellular processes affecting homeostasis can shut down. The proteins in the cell membrane that were involved in the homeostatic imbalances of his heart cells were the plasma membrane itself, the cytosol where the calcium was removed, The ER, the cytoskeleton which was attacked by the proteases that spilled in the interior of the cell, and the lysosomes which were normally safely bound inside vesicles began digesting plasma membranes and the membranes of the rganelles. F. The damage to the cellular processes could have caused irreversible cell death in the brain within a matter of minutes if oxygen is not available. Water balance, ionic equilibrium, and PH balance are all key factors in the homeostasis of individual cells.

Smith Surname Meaning and Origin

Smith Surname Meaning and Origin Derived from the Anglo-Saxon smitan, meaning to smite or strike, Smith and its derivations are an occupational name for a man who works with metal (smith or blacksmith), one of the earliest jobs for which specialist skills were required. It is a craft that was practiced in all countries, making the surname and its derivations the most common of all surnames. Smith still tops the list of most popular surnames in England and America, and is also a very common last name in Germany, Ireland, Scotland, Canada and Australia. Alternate Surname Spellings:  Smyth, Smythe, Schmidt Facts About the Surname Smith Unsurprising to most, Smith continually tops the list for most common English last name and the most common in America. The Granny Smith green apple is named after a woman named Maria Ann Smith (nee Sherwood), who developed it from a seedling in her orchard in Australia in 1868 at the age of 69. Famous People With the Surname Smith John Smith - One of the original settlers of Jamestown colony in 1607; saved from execution by the Indian princess Pocahontas.Captain Edward John Smith - Captain of the ill-fated RMS Titanic.Paul Smith - British designer.Anna Nicole Smith - American model.Adam Smith - Scottish economist and author.Michael J. Smith - American Astronaut; died aboard the Space Shuttle Challenger on 28 January 1986.Gregory Paul Smith - Christian singer. Where Do People with the Smith Surname Live? As you might expect, surname distribution data from  Forebears  indicates that the  Smith is found throughout the world, although it ranks it at 117th most common. The Smith spelling ranks 1st, however, in the United States, England, Australia, Canada, Scotland, New Zealand, Belize, Bermuda, Isle of Man, British Virgin Islands, American Samoa, Tuvalu, and Monaco. Genealogy Resources for the Surname Smith Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Smith family crest or coat of arms for the Smith surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   Genealogy.com allows you to search their genealogy forum for the Smith surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Smith query. With FamilySearch.org you can explore over 48 million historical records which mention individuals with the Smith surname and variants, as well as online Smith family trees. GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Smith surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. DistantCousin.com allows you to explore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Smith and its variations. At GenealogyToday.com you can browse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Smith from the website of Genealogy Today. References Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Menk, Lars. A Dictionary of German Jewish Surnames. Avotaynu, 2005. Beider, Alexander. A Dictionary of Jewish Surnames from Galicia. Avotaynu, 2004. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames.  Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.